C is a whole step away from D, and E is a whole step away from F#, for example. For example, C is a half step away from C#, and E is a half step away from F.Ī whole step is just two half steps. In other words, these notes are right next to each other on the keyboard. For example, B# is enharmonically equivalent to C natural, and E# is enharmonically equivalent to F natural.Ī chromatic scale is special because all of the notes are a half step apart. Notice that not all of the transitions have accidentals. Imagine that you are sitting in front of a piano or a keyboard, and you play every single note, black or white, in order. For simplicity's sake, however, we'll just assume that a quarter note is one full beat for now.īeats are important to know in music because they help us organize the rhythmical symbols. The time signature not only determines how many beats there are per measure, but it also tells you which note value gets counted as one beat. The number of beats per measure depends on the time signature. Some notes can take up multiple beats, and others will take up only a portion of a beat. The beat is the most basic unit of time in a measure. The vertical line that spans between the treble and bass clefs indicate the end of a measure. And, the natural ♮ cancels any flat or sharp that a pitch may have had. The flat ♭ indicates that a pitch will go down by one half step. The sharp ♯ indicates that a pitch will go up by one half step. Accidentals alter pitches by a half step.
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